In aviation, human factors are the applied science that studies people working with machines. The goal is two enhance human interaction with machines by reducing error, increasing productivity, enhancing safety, and enhancing comfort. According to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), 60 to 80 percent of aviation incidents and accidents are due to human error. Poorly designed systems or inadequate training can contribute people to make errors that consequentially lead to system performance degradation. Additionally, deficient design and management of crew tasks can contribute to group errors that lead to system performance degradation. Knowing this, Crew Resource Management (CRM) training is used to improve crew performance through better crew coordination to eliminate human errors that can cause aviation accidents. CRM training enhances the interface between humans and machines and accompanying activities like: team building and maintenance, information transfer, problem solving, decision making, maintaining situation awareness, and dealing with automated systems. There are three components to CRM training: initial indoctrination and awareness, recurrent practice and feedback, and continual reinforcement. CRM is not only limited to pilots but is also used for flight attendants, aircraft dispatchers, maintenance personnel, and air traffic controllers. The training focuses in enhancing communication processes and decision behavior. It trains on the benefits of crewmembers advocating the course of action that they feel is best. Promotes crews to self-critique their decisions and actions allowing for recognition of good and bad communications and, effective and ineffective team behavior. Demonstrates effective techniques of resolving disagreements among crewmembers when deciding a course of action. Finally, shows effective techniques in gathering and evaluating critical information that can enhance a crew’s decision making process. As we can see, a well implemented CRM program can prevent aviation mishaps by optimizing human performance and minimizing human error.
No comments:
Post a Comment